In economics the trickle-down effect is central to post-Keynesian versions of conservative economic theory. It is promulgated by right-leaning newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal editorial page and libertarian and conservative think tanks such as the American Enterprise Institute and the Cato Institute. This theory does not center on the proposition that benefits given to the upper classes will "trickle down" to those below them on the social hierarchy due to the benevolence or generosity of the rich; rather, its proponents maintain this will occur mostly as a result of the normal workings of unfettered markets.