Value date in finance is the date when the value of an asset that fluctuates in price is determined. The value date is used when there is a possibility for discrepancies due to differences in the timing of asset valuation. It usually applies to forward currency contracts, options and other derivative securities, interest payable or receivable.
Value date in finance is also used as the intended settlement date of a trade. To be distinguished from the date on which settlement actually occurs. see riskglossary
In accounting, value date is the date when the entry to an account is considered effective.